(Sharing my prepared speech at the Teachers Appreciation Dinner at Paro for teachers of the well-being club. 26 October 2024.)

This year marks the 11th Year of my teaching and academic life, and let me tell you that I have never been happier. It has been a fulfilling third career. Not a day goes by that I don’t get a message from one of my former students—both Bhutanese and foreigners—who share how much impact I have had on them or how they were inspired to think beyond and better for themselves. These are the kinds of messages that you want to grow old with.

Mind you, in my career in the government, I have directed several million-dollar projects, and people have built their lives, families, and buildings after working for me. But I have yet to receive a “thank you note” from anybody about that.

(What is the wellbeing curriculum? How does that help you become Bhutanese?)

The organisers have asked me to address two questions: What is the wellbeing curriculum? And then contextualise it to what it means to be Bhutanese – a topic of discussion that I have initiated in the public domain.

Exactly 10 years ago, when I was teaching in Sherubtse, I asked a simple question: What makes a great teacher?

One conclusion that I came to was that a teacher must be well – mentally and physically, to start with. There can be no quality education – or whatsoever, if teachers are stressed, demotivated and unwell. This gave birth to the Four Pillars of Wellbeing and the Contentment Foundation through research we initiated with academics from UC Berkeley and Yale. This program now serves thousands of teachers around the globe – touching thousands of lives. The Four Pillars of Wellbeing (community, mindfulness, self-curiosity and contentment) are aimed at the wellbeing of the teachers for this reason, I have stated.

Let me contextualise them within our societal needs and trends around us. As usual, I will use stories to drive the points.

(Mindfulness and contentment)

I was 8 when my parents sent me to a boarding school – a Catholic institution run by the Don Bosco fathers and brothers near Phuntsholing. As I entered my teens, I became a movie addict – a fan of Dharmendra and Amitabh Bachchan – and so I was always slipping out of the dorm. When the school counsellor was too upset and helpless, he would call my parents to talk to me.

My parents would come but would never tell me not to do this or do that. We, Bhutanese, you know, will do exactly the opposite of what you ask – especially boys (girls are better). Instead, my parents would tell me, “Whatever you do, do with Tsham Tshey”.

Tsham Tshey means limit. It is about setting a limit to what we do – whatever we do, both good and bad. It is finding the balance in life. It stems from Buddha’s first realisation – the need to follow the middle path without veering into the extremes of self-mortification and hedonism. It ultimately aims to attain contentment and equanimity.

Every year, as I left for my boarding school, my mother used to give me another simple piece of advice: Take care of your mind, and be mindful in whatever you do, everything will fall in place if you take care of your mind.

My mother never told me anything specific to be done or to avoid at school or in my life. She knew that if I took care of my mind, I would be alright. Decades later, I am still following her advice of mindfulness.

The second story is about community building and selfless service.

Starting in 2007, I volunteered for Tarayana for two years to work in the remote community of Athang Rukha. After the project was over, I stayed on to help the community build a temple. Back then, my only motive behind the community temple was that the place would eventually bring people together. It is a social place. It is where people share their lives and help build community vitality and resilience. This aspect is important for Bhutan as it navigates between tradition and technology and between science and spiritualism.

As a teacher, I also encourage building communities among my students and mentees through moelam and memories.

The third story is about compassion and kindness.

I once took a leave for a week from my class. A teacher substitute was identified, and we went through the things this teacher would cover while I was away. We went into every detail. When I came back from my leave, I was shocked to learn that no teaching was done while I was away. When I asked, I was told by the teacher that my students didn’t know anything, and this person didn’t feel like teaching them. I was completely lost for words. This teacher, I concluded, had no compassion whatsoever.

At the most basic level, to be a teacher, you have to have empathy and compassion. Unless you have that, the young learners will not connect to you. And, like it or not, these days, no learning takes place in an atmosphere of disconnection and disregard. The students will just shut you out. It is different during our time. We even endured corporal punishment to learn from our teachers.

Whenever I meet teachers in rural areas, I am always awed – not by their knowledge but by the compassion and empathy that our teachers practise – which go unnoticed. I once came across one whose small quarter was a dorm for 15 students.

(Role of teachers in the new era)

So, to rotate back to the question: What is the role of the four pillars of well-being in education, and how do we reinforce the art of being Bhutanese?

Of late, I have been sharing one of the findings from my PhD research – what does it mean to be Bhutanese? I have been saying that to be Bhutanese is to be compassionate, altruistic and spiritual. Spiritual, not only in the sense of being religious but also having an intimate connection to the nature, people and all sentient beings of the six cosmic realms. And altruistic as being in the selfless service of them.

I believe the role of the teacher and the education system in the 21st century is not to launch ourselves into some futuristic imagination and fantasies but to help consolidate who we are as Bhutanese – through timeless values, traditions and wisdom.

I say this with conviction because the entire library that humanity has produced is on your palm now. I believe the days of teachers as the sole repository of knowledge are gone. Skills can be learnt through watching YouTube. It is free. However, contentment, compassion and community need to come from someone closer.

I believe one of the challenges we are facing as individuals and as a nation is that we have strayed away from what it means to be truly Bhutanese or simply to be human.

There is so much talk about technology, such as AI replacing some 300 jobs, including teaching, according to some experts. However, I feel no machine can teach empathy, kindness, and mindfulness. No AI tool will look at you like my mother and tell you, “Whatever you do, take care of your sem (mind)”.

While the teaching profession is safe from AI, our role as teachers is beyond delivering curriculum or the bulky syllabus. It is more about inspiring people to learn, motivating them that education is still important, and bringing humanity back to the centre stage of our lives. It is about teaching children to be compassionate and caring and practise loving-kindness.

Above all, it is about building communities, collaborations and country.

Thank you all for being a wonderful audience.
🙏🙏🙏

Puna Dewachen pi Phodrang (Palace of Eternal Bliss) was built by Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyel – the founder of modern Bhutan – in 1637. It served as the capital of Bhutan till 1955.

Dewachen refers the western Pure Land of Buddha Amitabha known as Sukhavati in Sanskrit. Sukhavati means “eternal bliss”.

It is said that Drubthob Nagi Rinchen (1384-1468) arrived at this spot and saw it in his vision as the paradise of Buddha Amitabha, which was later envisioned by Zhabdrung Ngawang Namgyel too. Hence, this name was given to this place – Palace over Sukhavati.

The grand citadel served as the capital of Bhutan for many centuries until the mid-twentieth century. It is still the spiritual capital of Bhutan, where all major state ceremonies and rituals are conducted.

Popular legend also talks about it being built on the trunk of a sleeping elephant – a view that you can see from the opposite hill of Logodama.

There are two dzongs here. The smaller one on the left is the older one, which was built by Ngagi Rinchen. This one has an amazing wish-fulfilling Buddha statue.
__________________
Punakha Dzong by night.😍😍😍
Never experienced this pretty monument at night. It is prettier.

One word that comes to my mind as I follow our King’s visit to Australia is connection. Connection to our past, connection to our King, and connection to one’s own self. In a world that is getting so disconnected, this is a huge relief.

Our Bhutanese people’s connection to our King is sacred. It is the essence of the Bhutanese nation. Nothing should come between our King and us. Seeing this sacred bond on display, even thousands of kilometres away, is heartwarming. From the tiny pieces of information that are trickling on social media, it even feels emotional.

The connection to our past is symbolised by the presence of Dorje Lopen Rimpoche* – a person I interacted with very closely and developed an immense respect for during the State Visit to Japan in 2011. He used to stay in his hotel room most of the time to complete his daily prayers and practices – instead of exploring the city of Tokyo. This time to Australia, he travelled with some sacred relics to bless our people living far away.

Spirituality and monarchy are the souls of Bhutan. They are the glue that binds the Bhutanese people and the nation together and the essence of being Bhutanese in many ways – and for many Bhutanese as individuals.

To stay connected to these ideas and institutions is to reconnect to one’s inner self – and to discover that deep inside, one has never left one’s home called Bhutan.

As we join our compatriots in their reunion with our King, what is one word that comes to your mind? Drop it in the comments. I also hope that those who are Down Under will pen some reflections on this historic event.

🥰🥰🥰

*His Eminence Dorje Lopen is the second highest ranking master in Bhutan – a true monk-scholar
(Photo: HM King Official Page)

Sense of belonging, as I have mentioned in a past article, What it means to be Bhutanese?- is our authentic connection to our common heritage, our collective present, and our shared future. Losing the sense of belonging means that people have lost this connection – as in not knowing where they come from, or where they belong, and see no future ahead of them. This is a terrible state to be in because one feels worthless, unrecognised, and increasingly pushed away. Humans are social animals and we always seek a place and a community where we feel accepted, valued, and validated.

I have also pointed out that the sense of belonging is an emotional question and not an economic one. A case in point is my generation and the one before who were happy with the little we were paid but worked happily and with pride because we felt a sense of belonging, and duty towards our country, and responsibility towards our community.

The problem of the decline of belongingness is not confined to Bhutan. It is a global issue. For instance, a study from Stanford University shows that one in five Americans do not feel a sense of belonging and suffer from chronic loneliness. Sense of belonging is defined by psychologists “as the experience of personal involvement in a system or environment so that persons feel themselves to be an integral part of that system or environment”.

How have we got here?

Major psycho-social shifts do not happen in a vacuum. They are caused by many factors – big and small. Here I will point out a few of them.

Social media and mobile phones: The mass proliferation of communication technology, such as smartphones and social media, has connected humanity more than at any point in history. However, the newer and faster connections have made the connection itself shallow – giving us less time to absorb and appreciate.

More significantly, social media amplifies the illusive greener pasture – making us always feel that there is something “out there” that is better than what we have in front of us – be it people or places. It promotes distant heroes and role models instead of nearer natives and achievers. It tends to devalue everything in front of you if you are not careful.

Power and money over meaning: The rapid urbanisation, the bureaucratization of society, and the monetization of every aspect of our lives are eating into our souls as a nation. Adding to that is the social hierarchy that seems to turn off the younger generation. I don’t make a judgement on whether that is right or wrong. Some degree of social structure is required to maintain the social order. Beyond that, it can be suffocating for everyone.

I don’t undervalue money either – or the need to pay for services. However, the anti-freebies section may not realise that in social democracies such as the Nordic countries, many things come free from the state as a part of ensuring some egalitarian ideals. I view money as a means and not as an end in itself – as in to pay my bills, support my family, help others, build religious structures, and not let it rule my mind or life. However, truth be told, we are putting greater emphasis on money and hierarchy over men and meaning.

Education that competes: Enough has been said about the modern education system. And so, let me just add that what we measure is what we will eventually get – with everything in life. Assessment is a key component in education and learning. Putting one student on the pedestal estranges the rest. Grading them like factory products will make them compete against each other. And if history as a subject is taught as numbers and names to be memorised, it will just be a number or a name, and not a feeling. All these have alienated our youth, and not helped them to learn to appreciate our heritage and traditions, build communities, or make them feel like an integral part of the greater whole.

All is, however, not lost and below I will reiterate the ongoing Desuung and the new Gyalsung program as solutions and initiatives to restore these feelings.

How do the Desuung and Gyalsung programs help?

I have mentioned in another article that the success of the Desuung program can be attributed to making our youth feel proud and validated. They find a community that accepts them, and their works and efforts are recognized. They get an opportunity to serve the country – something that every Bhutanese look forward to. As I see pictures of the Gyalsung program kicking off, I feel the same sense of duty, diligence, discipline, and pride can be achieved for the younger Bhutanese who will undergo the Gyalsung program.

World over, national service has three recurrent themes – an enhanced feeling of shared purpose and patriotism, instilling loyalty and diligence, and giving a sense of belonging, resilience, and direction. I will elaborate on a few of these points.

Sense of shared purpose and resilience: As one begins to be a part of a bigger Bhutanese community, dreams and aspirations will be shared and will find acceptance. They will forge life-long and meaningful friendships and fraternity. They will learn to look out for each other and build trust and confidence – and not indulge in unnecessary competition and in self-destructive ego and confrontations that they have seen elsewhere.

As the program extends to a year, our youth will have time to go through a roller-coaster of emotions and self-discovery. Many will harden up and might find their meaning in life, which eluded them from being in their comfort zone. They will find a shared purpose, build a collective dream, and envision a future for themselves and for those around them.

Sense of belonging and patriotism: The over-emphasis we give to one small section of the society – the esteemed civil service, has us questioning our basic fundamental duty and rights to patriotism – as in if those who are outside of it should feel less Bhutanese and lack the love for the country. This has ramifications on the psyche of the young as they see their parents and relatives increasingly feel estranged – and not contributing meaningfully to the country.

With Gyalsung, young boys and girls will learn to love the country and be loved and find their way to feel belonged through service to the King and country – irrespective of profession, social standing, race, or wealth. They will learn that no one has a monopoly on patriotism and each one of them is entitled to feel for their country like any other. They will find a culture to be experienced, traditions to be learned, relationships to be nurtured, and an inner self to be discovered. They will learn that the country is big enough to fit every dream and find things to do, places to go, people to meet and communities to serve. They will discover that they have a place in the world. It will be a worthwhile journey, I am sure.

——————–

Following the lifting of the import ban on cars, there was a sudden uproar when consumers realised a huge increase in taxes for new cars. While the taxes may be a cause, another reason for the cost escalation, in my view, is the ban itself. Simply put, if you ban, or limit something, the price of the commodity increases. This phenomenon is called artificial demand, or artificial scarcity – in microeconomics.

The concept of artificial demand is based on psychological human behaviour, whereby we place higher value on anything that is in short supply. The more the value we put on something, the higher the price. The entertainment industry and high fashion goods manufacturers practise this by issuing limited editions and selling the exclusivity narrative. Advertisements and commercials are solely based on creating artificial demand to stimulate sales.

Some large multinationals and unscrupulous corporations also practise artificial demand by manipulating the supply of goods into the market. Such wilful market distortions are illegal in countries like the US and the EU. In our case here in Bhutan, however, the artificial demand and price escalations may be unwittingly created through blanket bans and moratoriums.

Banning the ban.

For quite some time now, I have been discouraging the practice of imposing blanket bans as a tool in governance. Bans, moratoriums, suspensions and changing policies have become a norm with democratically-elected governments after 2008. Blanket bans should be enforced only as the last resort and that too after thorough and independent research that factors in all short-term implications and long-term consequences, plus the collateral damages on other sectors. For instance, the “ban” on drones for private users has severely limited the filmmakers and the creative industry and its potential use in the delivery of goods to difficult locations and relief materials during disasters.

Bans may be effective as urgent short-term measures to stabilise a market or an emergency situation but are ineffective in the long run. Studies following the 2008 US financial crisis and the 2012 European debt crisis found that sporadic sales restrictions largely failed to support prices and reduced liquidity overall. Bans also skew long-term and larger opportunities for the overall economy and the employment market. Although it is hard to imagine something that has not happened before our eyes, researchers can mathematically model different options and possible outcomes, and do the cost-benefit analysis of any public policy. Bhutan aims to double its GDP by 2029 and become a high-income economy by 2034. If few things will thwart these achievable dreams, those will be unstable policies, unpredictable bans, subjective applications of “rules”, and the decline of the population.

Bans on car imports do not serve the desired purpose of limiting the numbers either. There have been several bans in the past 15 years. If you look at the data over the same period you can see that the upward trend has been the same. Instead, the bans have put our young people, who were working in the car dealerships, out of jobs.

Effects of bans and artificial demand.

Fear and FOMO. I am even inclined to think that bans drive up sales instead of reducing it. This is because unpredictability generates unfounded fears and suspense – plus market speculations. Fear emerges out of our reptilian brain, which produces the most primitive and illogical instincts in us. There is nothing worse than unpredictability to garner irrational behaviours. For instance, my Isuzu pick-up has almost hit 70,000 km. And at the rate I am using, it is safe to go on for two more years. However, what if there is another import ban and if this one becomes unreliable? With my wanderlust life, my skin and my work depend on it. It doesn’t matter that, as a teen, I survived on erstwhile BGTS trucks – some of which were falling apart when we were moving on the road. Like me, there might be many who will make premature purchases out of fear. One dealer told me they had several inquiries asking if there would be another ban because they wanted to wait for the current tax rates to be reduced.

Recovering lost sales. The management of STCB has clarified that it is also the manufacturers who have raised the prices. Of course, why wouldn’t they? The Bhutanese market may be small, but it still brings them an annual revenue of over Nu. 5 billion. They will try to make up for the zero sales in the last two years – and blame the price increase on technology, transport, steel prices, wages, crude oil and even their dogs and cats. I have also taken a “jab” at the dealers. They need to recover the overhead costs of the last two years. While the employees may have been laid off, they still had to pay the rent for the showroom, and utility bills such as electricity, water, and for the cleaners and watchmen. Ultimately, though, all these costs and expenditures will be passed down to the customers and it is the ordinary people who will bear the brunt of the ban eventually.

Revenge buying. We must also not be naive to think that foreign manufacturers and corporations are angels. They are aware of the artificial demand theory and they know they can cash in on it. They expect that our young salarymen, who have entered the job market in the last two years, will rush to buy no matter what. In sociology, this phenomenon is called revenge buying. The manufacturers also understand that unpredictable rules create unfounded fears in older people like me. Unlike us, their decisions are based on research and evidence.

The solutions.

The State has two powerful mechanisms to regulate public finance: monetary and fiscal tools. These can be used strategically and tactfully to steer the economy. For example, if there is heavy public investment in mass transport, people won’t be compelled to buy private vehicles. If the government refrains from buying Prados and Landcruisers as pools, and instead goes for vehicles that are made in India, a lot of hard currency will be saved. There are many ideas as long as one is not stuck with old habits. No new solutions can be found for any issue with the same beliefs and behaviours that created the problem in the first place.

As for the rising number of cars in the streets of Thimphu and Phuntsholing (these are the only two places in Bhutan facing congestion), the long-term solution is developing public transportation, where everyone benefits. I would even go further by making it free, or heavily subsidised, like in some EU countries. Thimphu has about 70,000 vehicles in a population of little over 140,000, which is perhaps the highest car-person ratio in the world. There have been talks about electric trams and pedestrian streets. We should fish back those bold ideas. If pollution is the issue, this government initiated the idea of electric cars in 2014. I feel this can be reinvigorated through not only giving tax breaks but by making all government pool vehicles electric. There will be less misuse too and less dependency on fossil fuel.

Most importantly, the car import ban should not be nationwide. Thimphu’s municipal problem does not necessarily apply to other 19 urban centres. Good connectivity and seamless movements of goods, people and services are essential for an economy to grow. Beyond Thimphu, other places do not even have a reliable taxi service.

The lifting of the counterproductive ban itself was necessary, and I disagree with the school of thought that argues that we should have extended the ban. On the surface, it may look logical, but national monetary and fiscal policies are not like personal saving accounts and spending habits. Every action, big and small, by the central bank and the government, has huge implications on the economy, and ramifications on hundreds of thousands of businesses and people – most of which will never come to light.

While this current government may not be responsible for the increased tax rates, it has the power to review them without necessarily bringing them down drastically. It can also introduce some new innovative schemes. However, it cannot wash its hands off, because like anywhere else, and more so in Bhutan, we look up to the government for relief, guidance and leadership.


Dorji Wangchuk (PhD)
Professor, Engineer, Communication Scholar

(The print version appeared in Kuensel, 31 Aug 2024)

Those who missed my talk at the last Bhutan Echoes 2024, I post the link to the full video here.

What does it mean to be Bhutanese? To be Bhutanese means to be compassionate, altruistic and spiritual. It emerges out of the sense of self that we construct for ourselves which I define as the interdependent self consisting of the personal self, social self and the spiritual self.

Not in this video, but there is one confusion that seems to be there (and I will elaborate it in my next article) – especially among our youth.

When we talk about identity in Bhutan it is often equated to cultural identity and overpowered by political identity (e.g. ID card, nationality, etc). Unlike self-identity, cultural identity is a collective sense of identity among a group coming from, or is part of, a same culture. For instance, forget about the nationality, even a region such as the Himalayas will have a common and generalisable cultural identity, but very different self-identity among its inhabitants.

The other confusion is with cultural identifiers as identity, such as wearing a gho, speaking the national language, religious festivals, temples, etc. These are known as identifiers in cultural studies and as symbols in everyday language.

Here by identity I refer to the definition from psychology which is the sense of self – the personhood – the self-identity as in those characteristics and attributes, both inherent and acquired, that make us unique. E.g. The way someone from Merak Sakten makes a sense of self will be very different from someone who is born and brought up in Phuntsholing.

Cultural identity will change with culture but self-identity should not. A compassionate person will be compassionate whether you are in Bhutan or in Manhattan. In Bhutan you wear a gho but in Manhattan you wear a suit.

Identity is personal and it provides the foundation of your being – and something that will give you the principle, integrity, resilience, etc. Isn’t this what we are lacking nowadays?

Enjoy the video and happy to keep this in the national conversation.

I made my first visit to The Happiness Farm belonging to my Gewog-mate, Dorji (we come from the same area but we’re not related). He resigned from a high-paying and jet-setting job to start this farm.

The place is conveniently located between Paro and Thimphu and above Chuzom in Issukha village. It offers certified 3-star accommodation with stunning views of Langka Gonpa and Dagala mountains, and the charm and idyllic setting of a Bhutanese farm with full modern amenities.

Above all, it offers organic food (pesticide-free and really organic) and fruits and vegetables, which are good to detox your kidney and liver for a few days – away from all the processed food. The nights are quieter and devoid of the city noise.

For those who are raising children among the malls and malices of Thimphu, the place offers a safe space for them to be reconnected to our roots – farm, chicken, nature, birds, silence, without losing the comfort of a nice bed and bathroom. We are spoilt after all. Let’s admit it.

The place is ideal for those who simply need to be away in solitude to think through a major project (met a guy who was doing that) or life’s transition. The setting will definitely make you have the much-needed breakthrough. If you are not working on any project deadlines, it is fine too. You can simply unwind and decompress from your tough schedules and often stressful time at the workplace. Modern life is convenient but tough on our body and mind.

For me, it is a great place to do my writing, work online (they have good wifi), and catch up with some walk and fresh air. Your lungs and your eyes are the happiest here.

Really inspiring of my village-mate who had the courage to leave a well-paid job to go back to our roots – farming.

At a time when the Bhutanese youth, and even older professionals, are leaving the country in plane-loads because of the perceived lack of opportunity, he is a reminder that if you work hard you can create opportunities you desire – and at home. He has university degrees from some of the world’s best universities. He could have left too.

Our government planners and donor friends might like to check people like him and their places and initiatives.

😍😍😍

(P.S. this is not a paid article but my own way of encouraging fellow Bhutanese who are serving the country and humanity in their own ways)

For bookings and informatiom call +97517909870

Location:
https://maps.app.goo.gl/Rvs2xBwS1mbTJctV6

In one of the boldest moves by our national airline, Druk Air, a firm order has been placed for five new aircrafts – three Airbus A320neo and two Airbus A321XLR. Bold ambitions call for bold decisions, and I must commend our national carrier for this move. In my view, it is a huge step forward for the Gelephu Mindfulness City (GMC) project and also for Bhutan as a nation. The news, while it was covered by the mainstream media agencies, did not make much of a splash across social media, where greater dissemination and education on a topic happens these days. So, let me share my broader understanding on the larger benefits.

Destination Gelephu.

While the A320neo may be a replacement for the ageing A319 fleet, the two A321XLR are obviously for Gelephu. The Airbus A321XLR is the largest aircraft in the A320 family – and also a great choice given that the airline does not have to maintain a separate set of crews to fly them. The A321XLR can accommodate anywhere between 180 to 220 passengers depending on the cabin configuration. It is a single-aisle wide-body airliner with a maximum range of 8700 km (8,400 km, according to latest changes), which makes it possible for the airline to extend its wings for direct flights to distant destinations such as Tokyo, Perth, or Istanbul. XLR stands for “extra-long range”.

The Airbus A321XLR with a longer fuselage wouldn’t be able to operate out of Paro with the current runway length. Therefore, they could be solely destined for Gelephu, where the new international terminal and a longer runway will be built. Gelephu could become the operational base for these aircrafts. If this is so, it is significant because, firstly, in the airline business, a base airport means that the aircrafts will be stationed there permanently for both operations and maintenance. Consequently, a good number of employees such as pilots, maintenance engineers, ground staff, and even cabin crews will have to be based there, thus opening direct opportunities for local businesses in terms of housing, hospitality and other businesses. As the airport itself becomes fully operational, if well planned and strategized, it can then spur a chain of opportunities for other sectors, such as cargo, catering, transportation, tourism, trade, innovation and other sectors. The list is endless.

Second, the aircraft with its longer operational range (distance between two places) could be deployed for direct medium and long-haul flights to destinations such as Australia, Middle East, South East Asia and the Far East. This will be vital because if Gelephu is to attract foreign investments and investors, direct air connectivity to other economic hubs, and direct flights to global hub airports such as Hong Kong, Dubai, and Frankfurt will be the key. Business travellers, especially those higher up in the corporate ladder are super sensitive to travel time.

Third, here are some fun facts. By 2050, which is just 25 years to go, five of the ten biggest economies will be within the operational range of the Airbus A321XLR. Furthermore, by 2035, which is just ten years from now, seven of the ten biggest cities in the world by population will be within the operational range of Airbus A320neo. (See the map)

Paro – the gateway to Bhutan.

As the Gelephu Mindfulness City project gathers steam, one question that crops up in my circle of friends is – what would happen to Paro? In the sense that, would this place see a decline? To answer that simply, it will continue to retain its status, or even get vibrant thanks to the GMC Project. Paro will continue to be the international gateway to Bhutan – especially for leisure travels and cultural tours. In fact, with new routes to the Middle East being launched from October of 2024, it could spur more tourism arrivals. Dubai happens to be just a flight away from any major city on Earth. It will be especially convenient for passengers from Europe and the US. Of course, Bangkok and Delhi are well connected too, but Dubai has become the global hub for air travel.

One issue to be addressed, though, is that unlike business travellers, leisure travellers prefer cheaper fares over travel time. Bhutanese airlines have a long way to go in terms of a more dynamic pricing – preferring instead to maintain a high and flat rate, and fly with unsold seats. This has led to losing business to airlines operating in and out of Bagdogra. Likewise, the Bhutanese diaspora, who are dispersed in over 100 countries, will also factor in the airfare as the major determinant on how frequently they can travel home.

Looking beyond profits.

Over 70 countries would fall within the operational range of the Airbus A321XLR. In one of my earlier articles, I have mentioned the role of national flag carriers as furthering national identity through projecting the country internationally. Countries like Japan, Malaysia and a few middle eastern states have propelled their flag carriers to promote their national identity world-wide, which in many cases did not make business sense. To this end, popular bloggers like Yeshey Dorji have called for Druk Air to be delinked from the business-centric goals of Druk Holdings & Investments, and let it be subsidised to focus on nationhood and connectivity – or find a balance between profit-making and nation-building.

Furthermore, with the call for everyone to come together, work hard and co-create the royal vision for Gelephu, the strategic role that our airlines can play cannot be understated. I can only reiterate that efficient air transport will promote international trade and investments, and more importantly facilitate the movement of people and goods. Besides, as a small landlocked country, a reliable and convenient air connection to Gelephu is not only of key importance, it could also help physically promote the brand Bhutan to the world. This is what Singapore Airlines achieved for Singapore in the 1970s. Bhutanese people are generally hospitable, kind and fun. It won’t take long to build a global airline with the best onboard services and customer care.

And not the least of considerations, is the Bhutanese diaspora that is spread across the planet – especially in Australia, Japan and the Middle East. A direct air connection will make it possible for our people to conveniently travel home and more frequently. This might open up a circular migration and investments, and acquisitions of properties while at the same time allowing children to be kept connected to their roots. Of course, you can always hop on to a Thai Airways or an Air India flight, but there is nothing like getting on board an aircraft that carries your own national flag from end to end. You already feel safe, proud and at home as soon as you are on board, although the aircraft may be still attached to the airport terminal in a foreign land.

(This article appeared on Kuensel newspaper of 17 August 2024)

(Photo credit: Official page of HM the King, Airbus official website)

Drukair, Royal Bhutan Airlines #gelephumindfulnesscity #mindfulnesscity #mindfulness #airbus #airbus319 #airbus320neo #airbus321xlr #airbus #bhutan #perth #bhutaneseabroad #bhutanesediaspora

Following my post, and the talk at Bhutan Echoes, on What it means to be Bhutanese, I have received over 200 requests for the soft copy of my dissertation. I thank you all for reaching out to get my humble work – although it is still in the inhuman academic form. I promise to work on a book for mass distribution. 

Many also shared their secret dreams of pursuing their bachelors, masters and PhD. So this post is mainly for you people and for the lifelong learners, and readers. 

First of all, I would like you all to keep your dreams alive and stay focussed on that path. Someone once told me, you stop learning, you stop living. For our country too, on any day I would prefer to have a good educated population. Ignorance does not bode well for anything. Just look at what’s happening these days beyond our borders.

Second, to start yourself off, treat yourself like an academic. Take time to read academic stuff, and watch and listen to academics on YouTube. Give an academic bent to the place where you currently work by googling on how to innovate your job and your profession. Take the free courses on Coursera.org from some of the best universities to get you in the mood and to speak the right language. Nothing will go to waste even if you don’t go back to school.

Third, in terms of cultivating the right attitude, have a dual feeling – of respect for others’ ideas on one hand, while also motivating yourself into critically thinking and telling yourself that you can add to the idea itself. This will push yourself into really training and exercising your brain positively. But, do not, under any circumstances, underestimate yourself on one hand (this is very Bhutanese), while also shooting down other people’s ideas and works. Such an attitude will get you nowhere in life. This is a very common “third-world mentality”, which the colonial powers used to instil in the colonised people during that period. Sadly, we still see some remnants of such filthy behaviour even in our midst. 

You may probably achieve the goal you aim for:

Yes, setting your mind on a goal can often take you to the goal itself. You must have heard that from every motivational speaker. But here is my own story. 

Many years back when I had just moved into documentary filmmaking from engineering, I stumbled upon a leaflet of the prestigious Japan Prize for International Documentary Contest. I decided to win that prize, and as a reminder (I mentioned that I am absent-minded) I kept that leaflet in my bag and carried it with me everywhere I went. I won the Japan Prize a year later in 2003 – less than one and half year after I started making documentaries. All my life I have been a technician and an engineer but I learnt the art of documentary filmmaking almost instantly. Of course, you should work hard, work smart, and burn many midnight candles, and find a mentor.

Another story – when I was teaching in Sherubtse, and after rubbing shoulders with the academics, I was completely awed by people like Dr. Karma Phuntsho and Dr. Kuenga Wangmo with doctorate degrees – as in how they spoke, the depth of their talks, the humility, and how they carried themselves. So, I decided that I would also pursue doctoral studies, which I was told was necessary if I wanted to be taken seriously in academia. So, look for the right inspirations.

Enjoy the journey. Don’t mind the destination:

An interesting plot twist to my PhD goal occurred when I started off in Macau. Both my supervisor and another professor of sociology advised me to take the opportunity of being there to leave a legacy in the field – meaning to take on some difficult questions that would kickstart a national conversation, while adding to the discipline itself. They told me that I already had an illustrious career and so I should not rush with my course. I followed their advice. I don’t know if my work is of any substance or weight, but I think I have achieved the goal of starting a national conversation. The Bhutan Echoes 2024 gave me the ultimate stage to amplify the question: What does it mean to be Bhutanese? I am grateful to the Royal Patron and the organisers of Bhutan Echoes. I hope every educated Bhutanese everywhere will ask that question, “Who are we?”, “Does this represent us the Bhutanese?”, or “Are we not better than this?” on a continuous basis as we go on with our lives – anywhere on Earth, and as we make public policies, enact laws, and implement the rules and regulations.

Lastly, for those with hundreds of familial and social commitments, just be patient. Children will grow and fly away. As you grow older you can actually go back to school in peace. I started my PhD journey at 49, and had the time of my life.

I wish you all the same – a terrific journey, whenever that happens, of fun and of learning, and of sparking some national conversations, or even an international one. And not stressful years of yearning for that prestigious title.

Of course, as I was sharing with a colleague sometime back, there is no denying the fact that it is nicer to grow old with those flashy titles MPhil and DPhil. If for nothing, your validity period in the society will be extended by many years.

In my earlier post on belonging I mentioned that sense of belonging is, firstly, the connection one makes with the past, the present or the future; second, that it is not a fixed state and that people continuously evaluate their belongingness to a place or a group; and third, that loss of sense of belonging is an emotional breakdown, and not an economic disruption (although one could also argue that the latter could trigger the former).

How does one reclaim one’s sense of belonging?

Between 2013 and 2014, when I taught in Sherubtse College I started every class with the existential quest, “Who am I?” Some found it funny, some loved it and many were very confused. When the students went on break they packed off with a mandatory homework: to retrace their ancestry by meeting and spending time with their grandparents..

Whether or not your life has come to a halt, or you are a young person finding a footing in this world, establishing connections with your family elders and ancestors is a good start. After all, blood is thicker than water. You will feel grounded, loved, or cared for. Just give it a try!

After that find your own community – a place that you are comfortable with, and values you and your beliefs. For instance, I found mine among the Oleps in Athang Rukha in western Bhutan – although I am from the extreme east. You could also create one (VAST Bhutan is a perfect example – created by Azha Karma). Quite often, in such a circle you will find your holy grail – the purpose and meaning to your life.

Let me share my own experience of getting lost, tracing my footsteps, and discovering myself again.

I grew up looking after cattle on school holidays in Trashigang Pam. And because I was absent-minded, or engrossed in reading comic books, by late afternoon I would have lost all the cows in the jungle. My paternal grandfather who would come to my rescue had only one technique: trace the footsteps.

That advice would become my life’s philosophy when I felt lost. Ten years back that’s what I did with my life. I traced my footsteps because I was going through the lowest point of my life.

I asked my father to take me to the exact spot where I was born. I always knew I was born somewhere in the jungles between Radhi and Merak in Trashigang. I had nothing on my mind. I just wanted to spend that downtime to look for that place before life takes over again.

However, standing on the spot where a hut once stood, I had my own unplanned Buddha-moment – a moment of Realisation. My whole life replayed in front of me like an old black-and- white movie.

Because of some power struggles and family feuds in the area, my great-grandparents had lost everything and so I grew up extremely poor. We often depended on food loans, and collecting leftover grains in someone’s field – a practice called kangsong.

Then, schooling came, followed by a prestigious scholarship to the world’s oldest university in Bologna (Italy) to study engineering and eventually returning home in 1995 and pursuing a rich and an extraordinary career of bringing TV to Bhutan and a couple of  international awards in documentary filmmaking. Many would give an arm to achieve what I achieved. From walking barefoot as a child to dining in the Imperial Palace of Japan, indeed I have come a long way. I thought if I had come this far, I could still go a little further.

I also reconnected with my folks and especially with my old illiterate uncle, Lepo, who lives there, and who reminded me of my place in the world.

“We are descendants of lamas and lords, and not of scammers and suckers. Other than that, what can I say,” he told me.

Other uncles, Dondrub and Sangay Wangdi, showed me the temples and retreat centres in the area that our ancestors built, and the place where our manor once stood. They introduced me to all my relatives and to the descendants of the people who once served my great grandparents. They shared stories of my late mother and grandfather and cried. I cried with them too. I had finally come home – both physically and metaphorically. It was a very healing moment. (In 2020, my siblings and I sponsored the whole village on pilgrimage to India and Nepal).

Tracing my footsteps gave me tremendous courage to reset my life and start a new career altogether at 46. And in doing so, I found new communities – the academics and the spiritual groups who welcomed me. I am always indebted to my media studies students and Sherubtse College. I also completed the first of the three temples I would eventually build in Athang Rukha.

I also went back to school and earned my PhD (in social science this time). Along the way, I was conferred four academic awards in the US – including the Dissertation of the Year Award 2022. I was looking forward to a tenured position in academia, but I withdrew my plans as something greater just kept me home, for now.

Covid also reminded us of the impermanence, and my lama was even more brutal. “What more do you want to achieve, and how long do you want to push on? Maybe, it is time for you to pave the way for your next life”.

That’s the magic of retracing your past. It puts you solidly on your true path, and to a future. Today my life intersects between community service and spiritualism, and research, teaching and collaboration with some of the finest minds humanity has to offer, and mentoring current and future global leaders to make the world better.

Leadership and belonging:

One big responsibility that leaders have is to instil a sense of belonging among those who are in his or her charge. And by leader, I mean anyone with a sphere of influence – including parents, teachers, media influencers and celebrities.

For leaders in the business and in the government I suggest a book by Owen Eastwood, Belonging. In it the author recommends that leaders must start by asking the question: What is the optimal environment for this group to perform to their best? And take a proactive and facilitative role to create one. You do that by valuing each and every employee for their strengths and skills. You value the time and life they have put to the organisation.

The book goes on to say that when we experience a sense of belonging our body produces feel good chemicals in the brain, which leads to healthy and a highly productive life (good for the organisation too). Whereas people underperform or leave when they don’t feel the sense of belonging. This, in my view, explains the high attrition rate in civil service.

In conclusion…

May you all find your place in the world – especially the young ones who are seeking it. Keep looking for it! Meet real people in the streets, farms and cafes. Stop wasting money following fake celebrities on TikTok or some billionaires whose lives and backgrounds we don’t identify with.

Be open and be broad-minded. Listen to ordinary folks. If you are humble and respectful, you’ll find wisdom everywhere and in everyone.

Above all, ask for help. There are more good people in the world than mean ones. And you are loved.